Summer is hot! How to prevent heatstroke and reduce the temperature of dairy cows?

The hot summer has added a lot of trouble to many breeding. In particular, cows, which are relatively cold resistant and afraid of high temperature, will lead to the destruction or imbalance of heat balance due to the heat. This phenomenon is called “heat stress” reaction. Not only the milk yield and reproduction rate are significantly reduced, but also the resistance is weakened, and the incidence rate is increased. So how can cows prevent heatstroke in hot summer? Let’s take a look:
1、 Adjust the temperature of feeding environmen
In midsummer, the temperature is high, the light is strong, and the weather is hot. Cows sweat glands are not developed and are relatively hot. When the temperature in the cowshed exceeds 30 ℃, it will hinder the heat emission of the cow’s body surface and the metabolism will be blocked. Therefore, in the midsummer season, always open the ventilation holes or doors and windows to promote air circulation and reduce the temperature of the cowshed. If conditions permit, electric fans can be installed in cowshed. In hot weather, after milking every afternoon, spray the temperature to the cattle with clean water to increase their appetite. A shed should be set up on the playground to prevent the cows from being exposed to the sun and rain. When the cows are found to have difficulty breathing, they can cook mungbean soup and drink it after cooling, and wipe the cows’ forehead with “essential balm”, and the temples on both sides are sharp and nose tip, refreshing and relieving the heat.
2、 Adjust the ration and feed it reasonably
In order to maintain a high milk yield of dairy cows, enhance their palatability, properly adjust the composition of the diet, reduce the proportion of crude fiber, in addition to diversification of the types of concentrate feed, we should improve the protein level, and feed more high-quality grass, vegetables, melons and other green feed, and implement night grazing, night feeding, etc., are also good ways to prevent heatstroke.
3、 Provide enough clean water
The water consumption of cows is related to the external temperature, milk production, individual, breed and age. Generally, the daily water consumption of lactating cows is about 100kg. In addition to drinking water in the feeding trough after feeding, # free drinking trough is set up in the sports ground. When feeding, feed will be put into the trough and water will be injected properly to induce the cows to drink water and eat. It can not only meet the requirements of clean drinking water, but also play a good role in alleviating the “heat stress” reaction. At the same time, 0.5% salt can also be added into drinking water to promote digestion of cows and ensure normal metabolism of cow body water.
4、 Eliminate mosquitoes and flies to prevent poisoning
In the midsummer season, there are many mosquitoes and flies, which not only bite the cattle and affect the rest of the cows, resulting in a decline in milk production, but also spread diseases through mosquitoes and flies. Therefore, screen doors and windows can be added in the cattle shed to prevent mosquitoes and flies from biting the cattle; 90% trichlorfon 600-800 times solution can also be sprayed on the cattle body to drive away mosquitoes and flies, but the concentration is too high and the liquid is prevented from seeping into the milk to prevent poisoning. At the same time, in this season’s book, pesticides are used frequently and carelessly, which often causes cow poisoning. Therefore, pay attention not to cut grass and graze near the farmland where pesticides and fertilizers are sprayed. It is not allowed to feed cattle with rotten grass, melons and fruits and dregs to prevent poisoning.
5、 Pay attention to sanitation
In midsummer, cow dung is easy to ferment and bacteria multiply, affecting the health of cows. Therefore, it is necessary to clean the cowshed frequently, eliminate excrement, ventilate and ventilate, keep the cowshed clean, dry and cool, disinfect regularly, wash the cow bed regularly with clean water, brush the cow body 1-2 times before milking every day, and wash the unclean part of the back body with warm water, to create a good living environment for the cows, and ensure that the cows can survive the midsummer safely.
Prevention and treatment of common diseases of dairy cows in summer:

1. Sunstroke
   Symptoms: sudden onset of disease, the cow can not stand on the ground, or can not stand stably, can only stand against the wall, walking unsteadily, muscle spasm, neck stiffness, the sick cow is depressed in the early stage, and excited in the later stage. Exophthalmos, conjunctival cyanosis, sometimes coma, weak breathing, and high mortality.
   treatment:
   (1) Move the sick cattle to a cool place.
   (2) Spray the head with cold water.
   (3) Cows can be calmed by chloral hydrate when they are excited.
   (4) In case of coma, you can inject sodium acetate and nikethamide to strengthen the heart.
   (5) Supplement 2000 ml of 0.9% normal saline.
2. Heat radiation disease
   Heat radiation disease refers to a disease characterized by dehydration, hypoxia and neurological symptoms of dairy cows in a sultry and humid environment, which is caused by poor ventilation.
   treatment:
   (1) Put the cow in a ventilated environment, spray the whole body of the cow with cold water, mainly on the head and waist; Or use cold water to enema and let the temperature drop to about 39.5 ℃.
   (2) For cardiac tonic fluid, inject 20% sodium acetate plus 30 ml, or 25% nikethamide 20 ml, 0.9% normal saline or sugar saline 5000 ml, one intravenous injection.
   (3) Inject 15ml chlorpromazine to promote body heat dissipation.
   (4) 1500 ml blood was bled from the jugular vein, and then 3000 ml saline was injected intravenously.